Refrigerant mu Mafiriji a Magalimoto: Mtima wa Kuziziritsa Bwino Poyenda

Pa maulendo amakono apamsewu, maulendo opita kumisewu ina, komanso ngakhale maulendo a tsiku ndi tsiku, mafiriji a magalimotozakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri chosungira chakudya ndi zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi. Kuyambira paulendo wautali mpaka kuyenda mtunda wautali komanso kukagona m'misasa, zipangizo zoziziritsira izi zonyamulika zimapereka mwayi wosayerekezeka. Komabe, pakati pa makina aliwonse oziziritsira—kaya ndi chipangizo chapakhomo kapena firiji yagalimoto—ndipo pali choziziritsira. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza ntchito ya mafiriji m'mafiriji agalimoto, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafiriji ndi momwe amakhudzira chilengedwe.

 

Kodi firiji ndi chiyani?

Refrigerant ndi chinthu kapena chisakanizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mufiriji chomwe chimatenga kutentha kuchokera kudera lina ndikuchitulutsa kupita ku lina. Mwachidule, refrigerant ndi omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuziziritsa. Amatha kusinthana pakati pa madzi ndi gasi, kuyamwa bwino kutentha ndikusunga kutentha komwe mukufuna mkati mwa firiji. Njirayi ikufanana ndi momwe choziziritsira mpweya chapakhomo chimaziziritsira nyumba yanu, koma chimagwira ntchito pafiriji yaying'ono yamagalimoto.

Mafiriji nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kutentha kochepa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kusintha mosavuta pakati pa madzi ndi mpweya. Izi zimawathandiza kuti azitha kuyamwa kutentha bwino ndikusunga kutentha mkati mwa firiji ya galimoto. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa firiji ya galimoto kumadalira kwambiri makhalidwe a firiji, kuphatikizapo kuthekera kwake kuyamwa ndi kutulutsa kutentha, kuthamanga ndi kutentha, komanso chitetezo chake kwa wogwiritsa ntchito komanso chilengedwe.

 

Mitundu ya Mafiriji Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Mu Mafiriji a Magalimoto

Kwa zaka zambiri, mafiriji akhala akugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu makina oziziritsira, kuphatikizapo mafiriji a magalimoto. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafiriji imasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala, mphamvu yozizira, komanso momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira. Izi ndi mitundu ingapo ya mafiriji omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika wamakono wa mafiriji a magalimoto.

 

R-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane)

R-134a ndi imodzi mwa ma refrigerant omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafiriji a magalimoto komanso m'makina oziziritsira mpweya m'galimoto. Ndi refrigerant yochokera ku freon (HFC) yomwe idayambitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 ngati m'malo mwa R-12, yomwe idapezeka kuti imawononga ozone layer panthawiyo. Ngakhale kuti R-134a siwononga kwambiri ozone layer, ikadali ndi mphamvu yayikulu yotenthetsera dziko lapansi (GWP), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ngati itatulutsidwa mumlengalenga, idzakhalabe ndi mphamvu pa kusintha kwa nyengo.

 

Ubwino wa R-134a:

Kuzizira bwino.

Sichimayambitsa poizoni komanso sichiyaka moto.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso mtengo wake ndi wotsika.

 

Zoyipa za R-134a:

GWP yokwera, si chisankho choteteza chilengedwe.

Ndi yogwira ntchito pang'ono poyerekeza ndi ma refrigerant ena atsopano, ndipo ingafunike compressor yayikulu kuti izizire mofanana.

 

R-600a (isobutane)

R-600a, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti isobutane, ndi choziziritsira cha hydrocarbon chomwe chimapezeka mwachilengedwe chomwe chakhala chotchuka kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu zake zachilengedwe. Poyerekeza ndi R-134a, R-600a ili ndi GWP yotsika kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri pamachitidwe oziziritsira onyamulika, kuphatikizapo mafiriji a magalimoto.

 

Ubwino wa R-600a:

GWP yotsika kwambiri, pafupifupi palibe kuwonongeka kwa ozone layer.

Yogwira ntchito bwino kuposa ma refrigerant a HFC.

Zachilengedwe, zosamalira chilengedwe.

 

Zoyipa za R-600a:

Yoyaka moto kwambiri, imafuna kuisamalira mosamala komanso njira zina zodzitetezera.

Si makina onse oziziritsira omwe amagwirizana, ndipo zida zakale zingafunike kukonzedwanso.

 

R-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene)

R-1234yf ndi refrigerant yatsopano yomwe yakopa chidwi cha anthu chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa GWP. Ndi refrigerant ya fluoroolefin (HFO) yomwe ndi yankho lozizira la m'badwo wotsatira. R-1234yf idapangidwa kuti ilowe m'malo mwa R-134a mumakina oziziritsira mpweya wamagalimoto ndipo ikulowanso pang'onopang'ono pamsika wa firiji yamagalimoto.

 

Ubwino wa R-1234yf:

GWP yotsika kwambiri (yotsika kwambiri kuposa R-134a).

Sizowopsa komanso siziyaka moto ngati zinthu zili bwino.

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu.

 

Zoyipa za R-1234yf:

Yokwera mtengo kuposa R-134a ndi R-600a.

Unyolo wogulira ndi kukonza zinthu zomwe zilipo panopa ndi wochepa.

Ngati sichisamalidwa bwino, chimakhudzabe chilengedwe.

 

R-290 (Propane)

R-290, kapena propane, ndi firiji ina ya hydrocarbon yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafiriji ena a magalimoto. Mofanana ndi R-600a, ili ndi mphamvu yochepa kwambiri pa chilengedwe komanso GWP yochepa kwambiri. Ngakhale imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina oziziritsira amalonda, ikuyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zazing'ono zoziziritsira, makamaka mafiriji a magalimoto.

 

Ubwino wa R-290:

GWP yotsika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yosawononga chilengedwe.

Kugwira ntchito bwino koziziritsa.

Mtengo wotsika komanso wopezeka paliponse.

 

Zoyipa za R-290:

Zimayaka moto kwambiri, zimaletsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake pa ntchito zina, zomwe zimafuna njira zodzitetezera kwambiri.

Imafuna zida zapadera komanso njira zogwirira ntchito.

 

Zotsatira za Mafiriji pa Zachilengedwe

Pamene kusintha kwa nyengo ndi kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe kukukulirakulira, zotsatira za ma refrigerant pa kutentha kwa dziko lapansi zakhala nkhani yofunika kwambiri kwa makampani opanga ma refrigerant. Ma refrigerant omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma refrigerant (kuphatikizapo ma refrigerant a m'magalimoto) akhala gwero lalikulu la mpweya woipa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa GWP komanso chizolowezi chotuluka mumlengalenga.

Pokumana ndi kupsinjika kumeneku, Kasitomu ikugwira ntchito yochepetsa mpweya woipa womwe umalowa m'malo mwake. R600a imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu firiji yatsopano ya drawer DC21DRW ndi DC28DRWPofuna kuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe, kugwiritsa ntchito ma refrigerant kukupita ku GWP yochepa, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera kwa makinawo kukupitirirabe. Ma refrigerant monga R-600a, R-1234yf ndi R-290 akukhala njira zabwino kwambiri m'malo mwa ma refrigerant achikhalidwe chifukwa cha kuwononga kwawo zachilengedwe komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.

Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ngakhale kuti mafiriji amenewa sakhudza chilengedwe, akhozabe kukhudza chilengedwe ngati sagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kapena kutayidwa mosayenera. Chifukwa chake, opanga ndi ogula onse ayenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pa njira zoyenera zoyendetsera, kukonza ndi kutaya.

 

Mapeto

Firiji yomwe ili mufiriji yagalimoto imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwake, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kuwononga chilengedwe. Pamene ukadaulo ukupita patsogolo komanso malamulo okhudza chilengedwe akuchulukirachulukira, kusintha kwa mafiriji otsika a GWP monga R-600a, R-1234yf, ndi R-290 sikungapeweke. Mafiriji awa samangopereka mphamvu zabwino zokha, komanso amathandiza kuchepetsa mpweya woipa m'mafiriji agalimoto. Mafiriji amtsogolo agalimoto apitiliza kuyang'ana kwambiri pa njira zosamalira chilengedwe, zogwira ntchito bwino, komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Mwa kumvetsetsa ma refrigerant osiyanasiyana omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito panopa komanso momwe amakhudzira chilengedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito, ogula amatha kupanga zisankho zodziwa bwino zomwe zimathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale bwino mtsogolo.